Unit 4 · Work and Leisure
Work and Leisure
Class 10 English Unit 4 Work and Leisure complete exercise solutions with Reading I Cabbage White answer questions, Reading II Leave this Chanting and Singing explanation and grammar answers for SEE 2083 exam preparation. This unit covers vocabulary exercises, walking words meanings, comprehension questions, true/false statements, modal verbs, imperative sentences, job application letters, and notice writing rules. All solutions follow the CDC textbook pattern.
📑 Table of Contents
Reading I: Cabbage White
A. Match the following meanings in the left column with the correct words in the right.
a. to laugh at somebody in an unkind way → mock
b. very unpleasant → hideous
c. to twist and turn body or part of it with quick, short movements → wriggle
d. in a cheerful way → gaily
e. very surprised or shocked → open-mouthed
f. to ask for something in a serious and emotional way → plead
g. to make a facial expression indicating disapproval → frown
h. to argue or disagree strongly with somebody → dispute
B. The word tiptoe refers to the way of walking with one's heels off the ground. Consult a dictionary and find the meanings of the following words related to walking.
sneak → to move in a stealthy or quiet manner, especially to avoid being noticed or heard
stroll → to walk in a leisurely way, often for pleasure or exercise
lurch → to walk unsteadily or staggeringly, as if about to fall
stagger → to walk unsteadily or move from side to side, as if about to fall, usually due to being unbalanced or intoxicated
stride → to walk with long steps in a confident or purposeful manner
stumble → to trip or lose one's balance while walking, often due to an obstacle or uneven surface
C. Answer these questions.
a.Why do you think the man frowned his face when Sarah and Jamie gave him their school card?
Answer: The man frowned his face when Sarah and Jamie gave him their school card because he was disappointed that they were not in school and instead seeking employment. He may have believed that education should be a priority for children.
b.Why were Sarah and Jamie looking for a job instead of going to school?
Answer: Sarah and Jamie were looking for a job instead of going to school because they were on holiday and wanted to earn some money and support their parents.
c.Why was the man ready to give them work in his farm?
Answer: The man was ready to give them work in his farm because Sarah explained that she knew what a Cabbage White was and what caterpillars do. The children were not afraid of caterpillars and the man thought he had a job for them.
d.What work were they supposed to do at the man's farm?
Answer: They were supposed to check every single cabbage in the garden and eliminate all the caterpillars by picking them off and collecting them in pails.
e.Were there really a million or billion caterpillars in the cabbage field? If not, what do Sarah and Jamie mean by a million or billion caterpillars?
Answer: There were not really a million or billion caterpillars in the cabbage field. Sarah and Jamie used these numbers as an exaggeration to convey that there were an overwhelming number of cabbages and caterpillars present in the field, implying a significant pest infestation.
f.What were Sarah and Jamie desperate about?
Answer: Sarah and Jamie were desperate about the hideous nature of the job. The caterpillars wriggled as they were picked up and even after finishing one row, their buckets were already full of caterpillars while butterflies continued to mock them.
g.What was Sarah's 'brilliant' idea?
Answer: Sarah's brilliant idea was to get rid of the butterflies instead of picking caterpillars. She reasoned that if they got rid of the butterflies, there would not be any more eggs or caterpillars.
h.Were the children happy with their work? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer: The children were not happy with their work. They found the job of picking caterpillars hideous and desperate. Even after finishing the first row, they could not see the bottom of their buckets for caterpillars. They eventually tried to kill the butterflies instead, which destroyed the cabbage patch.
i.Why did they run away from the farm secretly?
Answer: The children ran away from the farm secretly because their attempt to kill butterflies ended up destroying the entire cabbage patch. Not a cabbage was left standing. They did not want to face the man after destroying his garden.
D. Read the story and write 'True' for true statements, and 'False' for false ones. If the information is not given in the text write 'Not Given'.
a.Sarah and Jamie's parents were unable to work to support the family.
Answer: Not Given
b.Sarah and Jamie have never been to school.
Answer: False
c.The man decides to pay them upon the completion of their work.
Answer: True
d.Sarah and Jamie had not expected to find so many caterpillars in the cabbage field.
Answer: True
e.Sarah's idea finally worked to finish off their job.
Answer: True
f.They were caught by the farm owner while running away.
Answer: False
Grammar I
A. Read the story below and tell what the underlined words are used for.
could: indicating ability or possibility
might: expressing possibility or uncertainty
should: expressing obligation, expectation or recommendation
wouldn't: expressing a negative conditional
may: expressing possibility or permission
must: expressing obligation or necessity
had to: expressing necessity or obligation
B. Complete the sentences below with the correct words given below. [could, can't, must, may, should, might, would]
a.This can't be Safal's coat. It is too small for him.
b.Could you please tell me the way to the airport?
c.Would you like to stay with us at the weekend?
d.Do you know where Jack is? He might be in his office.
e.The sky is overcast. It may rain in the afternoon.
f.Sanam has been working in the field all day. She must be tired.
g.The film is really wonderful. You should see it at least once.
C. Complete the sentences below with must or can't in the blank spaces.
a.The man is looking around. He must be lost.
b.He can't be a doctor. He has not studied medicine.
c.Sushmita failed the test although she is a smart student. She can't have prepared well this time.
d.The restaurant always serves really good food. They must have employed excellent chefs.
e.There must be something wrong with the fan. It is making an unusual sound.
f.This can't be Sumana's book. There is a stamp of the library on it.
g.He must have had hard times. He has lost his job and has to support his elderly parents.
[Note: In question (c), "can't have" is the correct choice because it acts as a formal marker of negative logical deduction. It shows that preparing well was impossible, based on the evidence of the failure.]
Writing I
A. The following text is a job application letter for the post of School Secretary. Put them in the correct order and rewrite the application.
Bhanu-10, Tanahun
18 August
The Headteacher,
Shree Janajagriti Secondary School,
Bhanu 10, Tanahun
Subject: Job application for the position of School Secretary
Dear Sir,
I am writing to apply for the position of School Secretary that was recently advertised on The Tanahun Post. I am a young girl of 20. I possess all the skills and qualifications that you are looking for. After my SLC I worked as an office secretary for a year at Himalayan Investment Company Limited. Moreover, I possess good skills of handling a wide range of tasks at the institution.
As an experienced secretary, I have a proven record of successfully managing the administrative and secretarial duties. I also possess sound skills of spoken and written English besides the Nepali language. I have enclosed the copies of my relevant credentials required for the position.
I have a keen interest to work with students and support their academics. If I am appointed as the secretary in your school, I will provide excellent customer service. I am confident that I can be a valuable asset to your school. I look forward to working with your team.
Sincerely,
Pabitra Nepali
18 August
The Headteacher,
Shree Janajagriti Secondary School,
Bhanu 10, Tanahun
Subject: Job application for the position of School Secretary
Dear Sir,
I am writing to apply for the position of School Secretary that was recently advertised on The Tanahun Post. I am a young girl of 20. I possess all the skills and qualifications that you are looking for. After my SLC I worked as an office secretary for a year at Himalayan Investment Company Limited. Moreover, I possess good skills of handling a wide range of tasks at the institution.
As an experienced secretary, I have a proven record of successfully managing the administrative and secretarial duties. I also possess sound skills of spoken and written English besides the Nepali language. I have enclosed the copies of my relevant credentials required for the position.
I have a keen interest to work with students and support their academics. If I am appointed as the secretary in your school, I will provide excellent customer service. I am confident that I can be a valuable asset to your school. I look forward to working with your team.
Sincerely,
Pabitra Nepali
B. Read the following advertisement carefully and write a letter of job application for the advertised post.
New Baneshwor, Kathmandu
2083/02/12
The HR Manager,
Kimatsu Electronics and Home Appliances Company,
Kathmandu, Nepal
Subject: Job Application for the post of Marketing Manager
Dear Sir,
I am writing to apply for the position of Marketing Manager advertised by your company. I hold a Bachelor's degree in Management from a recognized university and I have two years of experience in sales and marketing planning, projection report and reporting. I believe that I possess all the necessary skills and qualifications required for this position.
I have a good command of both Nepali and English language and I am proficient in computer literacy with advanced skills in Microsoft Word, Excel and other management software. I also hold a valid two-wheeler driving license which will be an added advantage for the candidate. I have successfully handled various marketing initiatives that helped my previous company reach its sales goals consistently.
I am highly motivated, result-oriented and deeply committed to achieving the objectives of any organization I serve. My strong leadership skills, ability to work collaboratively in a team and creative approach to marketing strategies will be an asset to your company. I am confident that I can contribute meaningfully to your company's growth and long-term success.
Please find attached my curriculum vitae and a scanned copy of my citizenship for your consideration. I would appreciate the opportunity to discuss my application further at an interview. Thank you for considering my application.
Yours sincerely,
Saurav Paudel
2083/02/12
The HR Manager,
Kimatsu Electronics and Home Appliances Company,
Kathmandu, Nepal
Subject: Job Application for the post of Marketing Manager
Dear Sir,
I am writing to apply for the position of Marketing Manager advertised by your company. I hold a Bachelor's degree in Management from a recognized university and I have two years of experience in sales and marketing planning, projection report and reporting. I believe that I possess all the necessary skills and qualifications required for this position.
I have a good command of both Nepali and English language and I am proficient in computer literacy with advanced skills in Microsoft Word, Excel and other management software. I also hold a valid two-wheeler driving license which will be an added advantage for the candidate. I have successfully handled various marketing initiatives that helped my previous company reach its sales goals consistently.
I am highly motivated, result-oriented and deeply committed to achieving the objectives of any organization I serve. My strong leadership skills, ability to work collaboratively in a team and creative approach to marketing strategies will be an asset to your company. I am confident that I can contribute meaningfully to your company's growth and long-term success.
Please find attached my curriculum vitae and a scanned copy of my citizenship for your consideration. I would appreciate the opportunity to discuss my application further at an interview. Thank you for considering my application.
Yours sincerely,
Saurav Paudel
Reading II: Leave this Chanting and Singing
A. Find the words from the poem which have the following meanings.
a. a small piece of glass or stone threaded with others to make a necklace → beads
b. to prepare and use land for growing crops → till
c. a piece of clothing → garment
d. a layer of something that covers a surface → mantle
e. the state of being rescued from danger, evil or pain → deliverance
f. a substance that produces a pleasant smell when you burn it → incense
g. covered with marks → stained
h. hard unpleasant work that makes you very tired → toil
B. Find the modern equivalents of the following archaic words used in the poem.
a. dost → do
b. thou → you
c. thine → yours
d. thy → your
C. Answer the following questions.
a.Who is the poem addressed to?
Answer: The poem is addressed to those who engage in chanting, singing, and telling of beads in a temple with doors all shut.
b.What does the speaker advise people?
Answer: The speaker advises people to leave their chanting, singing, and telling of beads. Instead, they should open their eyes and see that God is not inside the dark temple but outside with the hardworking people.
c.Where do people try to find the god?
Answer: People try to find God in a lonely dark corner of a temple with doors all shut, through chanting, singing, and telling of beads.
d.Where, according to the speaker, does the god actually reside?
Answer: According to the speaker, God actually resides with the tiller who is tilling the hard ground and with the pathmaker who is breaking stones. God is with them in the sun and in the shower, and his garment is covered with dust.
e.How can people have a glimpse of the god?
Answer: People can have a glimpse of God by coming out of their meditations, leaving aside their flowers and incense, and meeting God by standing with the workers in toil and in the sweat of their brow.
f.Why can't the god rescue people?
Answer: The speaker suggests that God cannot rescue people because the master himself has joyfully taken upon him the bonds of creation and is bound with us all forever. Deliverance is not found through escape but through sharing in the toil of life.
g.What does the speaker ask people to do in the last stanza?
Answer: In the last stanza, the speaker asks people to come out of their meditations, leave aside their flowers and incense, and not worry if their clothes become tattered and stained. They should meet God and stand by him in toil and in the sweat of their brow.
D. Do you believe in the existence of god? What do you do to please him? Share your opinion.
Answer: I do believe in the existence of God. For me, the best way to please God is not just through chanting, singing, or offering flowers and incense inside a temple. I believe that God resides among the hardworking people who toil under the sun and whose clothes are covered with dust. Therefore, I try to please God by being honest in my work, helping those in need, and treating everyone with kindness and respect. When I work hard and contribute positively to my family and society, I feel that I am truly serving God. I believe that God is happier with sincere actions than with empty rituals performed inside closed doors.
Grammar II
A. Match the following imperative sentences with their functions.
a. Kindly tell me where the bus park is. → making a request
b. Go straight and take the first turn on your right. → giving direction
c. Cook the rice in medium heat until it turns tender. → giving instruction
d. Please join us on the tour. → making an invitation
e. Don't feed the animals in the zoo! → warning
f. Wear warm clothes. → giving advice
g. Put your hands up! → making a command
h. Get out of here at once. → making an order
i. Let's go for a walk. → suggesting
B. Change the following imperative sentences into negative.
a.Turn left at the junction.
Answer: Don't turn left at the junction.
b.Please open the door.
Answer: Please, don't open the door.
c.Let him tell a story.
Answer: Don't let him tell a story.
d.Put out the light.
Answer: Don't put out the light.
e.Let's play a friendly football match.
Answer: Let's not play a friendly football match.
f.Please help the man get out of well.
Answer: Please, don't help the man get out of well.
g.Instruct the people about how they should work.
Answer: Don't instruct the people about how they should work.
Writing II
A. Study the following notice.
Government of Nepal
Ministry of Forest and Environment
Department of National Park and Wildlife Conservation
Chitwan National Park
Kasara, Chitwan
Rules and Regulations for the Visitors
- An entry fee of NRs. 1500/- (Foreigners), NRs. 750/- (SAARC), and NRs. 100/- (Nepali) per person has to be paid at the Park's Entrance Gate.
- Flora and Fauna of the park are fully protected and must not be disturbed at any cost.
- Do not purchase illegal animal or plant products. The purchase of illegal animal or plant product may bring you to the legal prosecution.
- The visitors of the park must respect the religious and cultural sites all around the park.
- The visitors are required to place the trash in the rubbish bins and should care about the cleanliness.
- The visitors are strictly prohibited to walk within the park between sunset and sunrise.
Thank you!
B. Write a set of rules and regulations for the visitors in the following places.
a. Library
· Visitors may enter the library only for academic and research purposes.
· Complete silence must be maintained at all times inside the library.
· All books and materials should be handled with utmost care by every visitor.
· Marking, underlining, or damaging any library property is strictly prohibited.
· Borrowed books must be returned on or before the due date to avoid fines.
· Mobile phones and electronic devices cannot be used inside the library premises.
· Eating, drinking, and smoking are strictly forbidden within the library.
· The privacy and personal space of other library users must be respected at all times.
· Visitors are expected to seek assistance from library staff whenever help is needed.
· All library rules and regulations are required to be followed by every visitor without exception.
· Complete silence must be maintained at all times inside the library.
· All books and materials should be handled with utmost care by every visitor.
· Marking, underlining, or damaging any library property is strictly prohibited.
· Borrowed books must be returned on or before the due date to avoid fines.
· Mobile phones and electronic devices cannot be used inside the library premises.
· Eating, drinking, and smoking are strictly forbidden within the library.
· The privacy and personal space of other library users must be respected at all times.
· Visitors are expected to seek assistance from library staff whenever help is needed.
· All library rules and regulations are required to be followed by every visitor without exception.
b. Hospital
· Visitors are required to register at the reception desk immediately upon arrival.
· A visitor's pass must be obtained before entering any patient area or ward.
· Complete silence should be maintained within the hospital premises at all times.
· The visiting hours set by the hospital administration must be followed strictly.
· Hands must be washed properly before entering any patient room.
· Only immediate family members or authorized persons are permitted to visit patients.
· Hospital staff and healthcare professionals must not be disturbed while on duty.
· Smoking is strictly prohibited within the entire hospital premises and outdoor areas.
· The hospital premises are required to be kept clean and tidy by all visitors.
· Disruptive or inappropriate behavior is strictly forbidden and will lead to immediate removal.
· A visitor's pass must be obtained before entering any patient area or ward.
· Complete silence should be maintained within the hospital premises at all times.
· The visiting hours set by the hospital administration must be followed strictly.
· Hands must be washed properly before entering any patient room.
· Only immediate family members or authorized persons are permitted to visit patients.
· Hospital staff and healthcare professionals must not be disturbed while on duty.
· Smoking is strictly prohibited within the entire hospital premises and outdoor areas.
· The hospital premises are required to be kept clean and tidy by all visitors.
· Disruptive or inappropriate behavior is strictly forbidden and will lead to immediate removal.